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• 1 绝缘材料直流电阻或电导的标准试验方法 - 摘要
  

  5.1x00a0;Insulating materials are used to isolate components of an electrical system from each other and from ground, as well as to provide mechanical support for the components. For this purpose, it is generally desirable to have the insulation resistance as high as possible, consistent with acceptable mechanical, chemical, and heat-resisting properties. Since insulation resistance or conductance combines both volume and surface resistance or conductance, its measured value is most useful when the test specimen and electrodes have the same form as is required in actual use. Surface resistance or conductance changes rapidly with humidity, while volume resistance or conductance changes slowly with the total change being greater in some cases.

  5.2x00a0;Resistivity or conductivity is used to predict, indirectly, the low-frequency dielectric breakdown and dissipation factor properties of some materials. Resistivity or conductivity is often used as an indirect measure of: moisture content, degree of cure, mechanical continuity, or deterioration of various types. The usefulness of these indirect measurements is dependent on the degree of correlation established by supporting theoretical or experimental investigations. A decrease of surface resistance results either in an increase of the dielectric breakdown voltage because the electric field intensity is reduced, or a decrease of the dielectric breakdown voltage because the area under stress is increased.

  5.3x00a0;All the dielectric resistances or conductances depend on the length of time of electrification and on the value of applied voltage (in addition to the usual environmental variables). These must be known and reported to make the measured value of resistance or conductance meaningful. Within the electrical insulation materials industry, the adjective x201c;apparentx201d; is generally applied to resistivity values obtained under conditions of arbitrarily selected electrification time. See X1.4.

  5.4x00a0;Volume resistivity or conductivity is calculated from resistance and dimensional data for use as an aid in designing an insulator for a specific application. Studies have shown changes of resistivity or conductivity with temperature and humidity (1, 2, 3, 4).⁴ These changes must be known when designing for operating conditions. Volume resistivity or conductivity determinations are often used in checking the uniformity of an insulating material, either with regard to processing or to detect conductive impurities that affect the quality of the material and that are not readily detectable by other methods.

  5.5x00a0;Volume resistivities above 10²¹ x03a9;x00b7;cm (10¹⁹ x03a9;x00b7;m), calculated from data obtained on specimens tested under usual laboratory conditions, are of doubtful validity, considering the limitations of commonly used measuring equipment.

  5.6x00a0;Surface resistance or conductance cannot be measured accurately, only approximated, because some degree of volume resistance or conductance is always involved in the measurement. The measured value is also affected by the surface contamination. Surface contamination, and its rate of accumulation, is affected by many factors including electrostatic charging and interfacial tension. These, in turn, affect the surface resistivity. Surface resistivity or conductivity is considered to be related to material properties when contamination is involved but is not a material property of electrical insulation material......
• ASTM D257-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：DC resistance  insulation resistance  surface resistance  surface resistivity  volume resistance  volume resistivity
  

• 2 电线和电缆用热塑性聚乙烯绝缘材料的标准规范 - 摘要
  

  1.1x00a0;This specification covers a thermoplastic insulation which consists substantially of polyethylene.

  1.2x00a0;This type of insulation is considered suitable for use on wire or cable that will be used for continuous operation at conductor temperatures up to 75 x00b0;C with a maximum conductor size of 1000 kcmil (507 mm²). The maximum voltage rating shall not exceed 358201;000 V for power application or 98201;000 V for series lighting.

  1.3x00a0;In many instances the insulation material cannot be tested unless it has been formed around a conductor. Therefore, tests done on insulated wire or cable in this specification are solely to determine the relevant property of the insulation material and not to test the insulated conductor or completed cable.

  1.4x00a0;Whenever two sets of values are presented, in different units, the values in the first set are the standard, while those in parentheses are for information only.

• ASTM D1351-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：cable  conductor  electrical  insulation  polyethylene  thermoplastic  wire
  

• 3 绝缘铝护套的标准规格 - 摘要
  

  1.1x00a0;This specification covers aluminum jacketing for thermal and acoustical insulation operating at either above or below ambient temperatures and in both indoor and outdoor locations. It does not cover insulation jacketing made from other materials such as mastics, fiber reinforced plastic, PVC, or stainless steel nor does it cover the details of thermal or acoustical insulation systems.

  1.2x00a0;This specification provides physical requirements for aluminum jacketing for thermal and acoustical insulation. Guide C1423 provides guidance in selecting jacketing materials and their safe use.

  1.3x00a0;This is a material specification and does not imply any performance of the installed system using the materials specified herein. For information about installation of aluminum jacketing, see (1).²

  1.4x00a0;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

  Note 1x2014;A version of this specification in inch-pound units is available as Specification C1729.

  1.5x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

• ASTM C1729M-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：铝  电镀  护套  包壳  绝缘层材料  防潮层  水分缓凝剂  隔热  aluminum  cladding  jacket  jacketing  lagging  moisture barrier  moisture retarder  thermal insulation
  

• 4 绝缘铝护套的标准规格 - 摘要
  

  1.1x00a0;This specification covers aluminum jacketing for thermal and acoustical insulation operating at either above or below ambient temperatures and in both indoor and outdoor locations. It does not cover insulation jacketing made from other materials such as mastics, fiber reinforced plastic, PVC, or stainless steel nor does it cover the details of thermal or acoustical insulation systems.

  1.2x00a0;This specification provides physical requirements for aluminum jacketing for thermal and acoustical insulation. Guide C1423 provides guidance in selecting jacketing materials and their safe use.

  1.3x00a0;This is a material specification and does not imply any performance of the installed system using the materials specified herein. For information about installation of aluminum jacketing, see (1).²

  1.4x00a0;The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

  Note 1x2014;A version of this specification in SI units is available as C1729M.

  1.5x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

• ASTM C1729-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：铝  电镀  护套  包壳  绝缘层材料  防潮层  水分缓凝剂  隔热  aluminum  cladding  jacket  jacketing  lagging  moisture barrier  moisture retarder  thermal insulation
  

• 5 电气绝缘评估用实验室强制对流炉的标准规范 - 摘要
  

  1.1x00a0;This specification covers forced-convection ventilated electrically-heated ovens, operating over all or part of the temperature range from 20x00b0;C above the ambient temperature to 500x00b0;C, and used for thermal endurance evaluation of electrical insulating materials.

  1.2x00a0;The specification requirements for Type I ovens are based on IEC Publication 216-4-1, and are technically identical to it. The requirements for Type II ovens are essentially identical to the requirements of Specification D2436. This specification and an associated test method, D5374, have replaced Specification D2436.

  1.3x00a0;While the ovens covered by this specification are intended primarily for thermal endurance evaluation, they can also be used wherever their characteristics make them suitable for other applications.

  1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

• ASTM D5423-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：forced-convection  ovens  set temperature  temperature fluctuation  temperature gradient  thermal endurance evaluation  thermal lag time  ventilated  ventilation rate
  

• 6 固体电绝缘材料耐高压低电流干电弧性能的标准试验方法 - 摘要
  

  4.1x00a0;The high-voltage, low-current type of arc resistance test is intended to simulate only approximately such service conditions as exist in alternating current circuits operating at high voltage, but at currents limited to units and tens of milliamperes.

  4.2x00a0;In order to distinguish more easily among materials that have low arc resistance, the early stages of this test method are mild, and the later stages are successively more severe. The arc occurs intermittently between two electrodes resting on the surface of the specimen, in normal or inverted orientation. The severity is increased in the early stages by successively decreasing to zero the interval between flashes of uniform duration, and in later stages by increasing the current.

  4.3x00a0;Four general types of failure have been observed:

  4.3.1x00a0;Many inorganic dielectrics become incandescent, whereupon they are capable of conducting the current. Upon cooling, however, they return to their earlier insulating condition.

  4.3.2x00a0;Some organic compounds burst into flame without the formation of a visible conducting path in the substance.

  4.3.3x00a0;Others are seen to fail by x201c;tracking,x201d; that is, a thin wiry line is formed between the electrodes.

  4.3.4x00a0;The fourth type occurs by carbonization of the surface until sufficient carbon is present to carry the current.

  4.4x00a0;Materials often fail within the first few seconds after a change in the severity stage. When comparing the arc resistance of materials, much more weight shall be given to a few seconds that overlap two stages than to the same elapsed time within a stage. Thus, there is a much greater difference in arc resistance between 178 and 182 s than between 174 and 178 s.

  Note 3x2014;Some investigators have reported attempts to characterize the remaining insulating value of the damaged area after failure by allowing the specimen to cool to room temperature, without disturbance of the original position of the electrodes, and then either (1) measuring the insulation resistance between the electrodes or (2) determining the percentage of breakdown voltage remaining relative to that obtained on an undamaged area of the specimen. A recommended circuit arrangement and test procedure for carrying out the second of these two means of characterizing the remaining insulating value of the damaged area is described in Appendix X1. Still another, and obvious, method of reevaluating the damaged area after failure is to repeat the arc resistance test after the specimen has cooled, with the electrodes undisturbed from their original positions. However, keep in mind that none of these methods will be universally applicable because of the severe physical damage to the test area in many instances.

  1.1x00a0;This test method covers, in a preliminary fashion, the differentiation of similar materialsx2019; resistance to the action of a high-voltage, low-current arc close to the surface of insulation, when a conducting path is formed causing the material to become conducting due to the localized thermal and chemical decomposition and erosion.

  1.2x00a0;The usefulness of this test method is very severely limited by many restrictions and qualifications, some of which are described in the following parag......

• ASTM D495-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：rc resistance  dry arc resistance  high voltage  low current  stainless steel electrodes  tungsten rod electrodes
  

• 7 在直流电压应力作用下固体电绝缘材料的介电击穿电压及介电强度的标准试验方法 - 摘要
  

  5.1x00a0;This test method is intended for use as a control and acceptance test for direct-voltage applications. It can also be used in the partial evaluation of material for specific end uses and as a means for detecting changes in material due to specific deteriorating causes.

  5.2x00a0;Experience indicates that the breakdown value obtained with direct voltage usually will be approximately 2 to 4 times the rms value of the 60-Hz alternating-voltage breakdown.

  5.3x00a0;For a nonhomogeneous test specimen, the distribution of voltage stress within the specimen is determined by impedance (largely capacitive) with alternating voltage. With an increasing direct voltage, the voltage distribution will still be largely capacitive, although this depends partly on the rate of voltage increase. After steady application of direct voltage the voltage division across the test specimen is determined by resistance. The choice of direct or alternating voltage depends upon the purpose for which the breakdown test is to be used, and to some extent, on the intended application of the material.

  5.4x00a0;A more complete discussion of the significance of dielectric breakdown tests is given in Appendix X1 of this method and in Appendix X1 of Test Method D149. Those appendix sections of Test Method D149 that refer to alternating voltage are not applicable to the direct-voltage method.

  1.1x00a0;This test method covers the determination of dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of solid electrical insulating materials under direct-voltage stress.

  1.2x00a0;Since some materials require special treatment, reference shall also be made to ASTM specifications or to the test method directly applicable to the material to be tested. See Test Method D149 for the determination of dielectric strength of electrical insulating materials at commercial power frequencies.

  1.3x00a0;This test method is similar to IEC Publication 243-2. All procedures in this test method are included in IEC 243-2. Differences between this test method and IEC 243-2 are largely editorial.

  1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precaution statements are given in Section 7.

• ASTM D3755-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：conditioning  creepage  criteria of breakdown  dielectric breakdown voltage  dielectric strength  direct voltage  direct voltage stress  electrodes  flashover  rupture  solid insulating materials  surrounding medium  voltage control  voltmeter
  

• 8 绝缘用不锈钢板包覆法的标准规格 - 摘要
  

  1.1x00a0;This specification covers stainless steel jacketing for thermal, acoustical, and fire protective insulation operating at either above or below ambient temperatures and in both indoor and outdoor locations. It does not cover insulation jacketing made from other materials such as mastics, fiber reinforced plastic, PVC, aluminum, or coated carbon steel (for example, aluminum-zinc, galvanized steel, or aluminized steel) nor does it cover the details of thermal, acoustical, or fire protective insulation systems.

  1.2x00a0;While not intended to cover use inside the containment buildings of nuclear power plants, this standard does not preclude use of Class E material which does not have a moisture barrier in this containment building application.

  1.3x00a0;This specification provides physical requirements for stainless steel jacketing for thermal and acoustical insulation. Guide C1423 provides guidance in selecting jacketing materials and their safe use.

  1.4x00a0;This is a material specification and does not imply any performance of the installed system using the materials specified herein. For information about installation of stainless steel jacketing, see (1).²

  1.5x00a0;The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

  1.6x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

• ASTM C1767-2014 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2014/1 - 现行
• 关键词：电镀  护套  包壳  绝缘层材料  防潮层  水分缓凝剂  不锈钢  隔热  cladding  jacket  jacketing  lagging  moisture barrier  moisture retarder  stainless steel  thermal insulation
  

• 9 电线及电缆用热塑绝缘材料和护套的标准试验方法 - 摘要
  

  6.1x00a0;Physical tests, properly interpreted, provide information with regard to the physical properties of the insulation or jacket. The physical test values give an approximation of how the insulation will physically perform in its service life. Physical tests provide useful data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejection under specifications.

  1.1x00a0;These test methods cover procedures for the testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on insulated wire and cable. To determine the test to be made on the particular insulation or jacket compound, refer to the product specification for that type. These test methods do not apply to the class of products known as flexible cords. The electrical tests on insulation and water-absorption tests do not apply to the class of products having a separator between the conductor and the insulation.

  1.2x00a0;These test methods pertain to insulation or jacket material for electrical wires and cables. In many instances the insulation or jacket material cannot be tested unless it has been formed around a conductor or cable. Therefore, tests are done on insulated or jacketed wire or cable in these test methods solely to determine the relevant property of the insulation or jacket material and not to test the conductor or completed cable.

  1.3x00a0;Whenever two sets of values are presented, in different units, the values in the first set are the standard, while those in parentheses are for information only.

  1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards see Sections 4 and 63.

  1.5x00a0;The procedures appear in the following sections:

  Procedure	Sections
  Cold Bend Test	75 to 77
  Dielectric Strength Retention Test	45 to 51
  Electrical Tests of Insulation	17 to 29
  Heat Distortion Test	74
  Heat Shock Test	ASTM D2633-2013a - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2013/1 - 现行 关键词：加速水吸收  冷弯试验  绝缘强度保留  延伸  热老化  热变形  热震  绝缘电阻  油浸  局部放电灭绝水平  表面电阻率  拉伸强度  热塑性绝缘  热塑性外套  厚度  轨道阻力  U型弯管放电  垂直燃烧试验  耐电压试验  accelerated water absorption  cold bend test  dielectric strength retention  elongation  heat aging  heat distortion  heat shock  insulation resistance  oil immersion  partial discharge extinction level  surface resistivity  tensile strength  thermoplastic insulation  thermoplastic jacket  thickness  track resistance  U-bend discharge  vertical flame test  voltage withstand tests 10 电线及电缆用热塑绝缘材料和护套的标准试验方法 - 摘要 6.1x00a0;Physical tests, properly interpreted, provide information with regard to the physical properties of the insulation or jacket. The physical test values give an approximation of how the insulation will physically perform in its service life. Physical tests provide useful data for research and development, engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejection under specifications. 1.1x00a0;These test methods cover procedures for the testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on insulated wire and cable. To determine the test to be made on the particular insulation or jacket compound, refer to the product specification for that type. These test methods do not apply to the class of products known as flexible cords. The electrical tests on insulation and water-absorption tests do not apply to the class of products having a separator between the conductor and the insulation. 1.2x00a0;These test methods pertain to insulation or jacket material for electrical wires and cables. In many instances the insulation or jacket material cannot be tested unless it has been formed around a conductor or cable. Therefore, tests are done on insulated or jacketed wire or cable in these test methods solely to determine the relevant property of the insulation or jacket material and not to test the conductor or completed cable. 1.3x00a0;Whenever two sets of values are presented, in different units, the values in the first set are the standard, while those in parentheses are for information only. 1.4x00a0;This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards see Sections 4 and 63. 1.5x00a0;The procedures appear in the following sections: Procedure Sections Cold Bend Test 75 to 77 Dielectric Strength Retention Test 45 to 51 Electrical Tests of Insulation 17 to ASTM D2633-2013 - 中外标准 - ASTM- 2013/1 - 现行 关键词：加速水吸收  冷弯试验  介电强度保留  延伸  热老化  热变形  热冲击  绝缘电阻  油浸  局部放电消失水平  表面电阻率  抗拉强度  热塑性绝缘  热塑性护套  厚度  轨道阻力  U型弯管放电  垂直燃烧试验  耐电压试验  accelerated water absorption  cold bend test  dielectric strength retention  elongation  heat aging  heat distortion  heat shock  insulation resistance  oil immersion  partial discharge extinction level  surface resistivity  tensile strength  thermoplastic insulation  thermoplastic jacket  thickness  track resistance  U-bend discharge  vertical flame test  voltage withstand tests 共 47 页 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 下一页 末页 您还可以输入字 请留下有效的联系方式，以便与您联系。 * 姓名 * 邮箱 提交建议 您的建议已提交成功！ 提交失败 是否清除所输入内容 是否 客户服务 ．用户建议 ．邮箱service@wanfangdata.com.cn ．客服电话 4000-115-888   8:00-11:30,13:00-17:00(工作日) 关注我们 ．新浪微博 ．平台百科 ．业务合作 ．数图新服务应用研讨班 广告服务 ．广告形式 ．价格体系 ．广告申请 ．服务保障 ．联系方式 网上商城 ．充值卡 使用帮助 ．注册和登录 ．检索文献 ．如何支付 ．如何充值 ．下载和查看 语种 ．简体中文 ．繁體中文 ．English 知识产权声明| 服务承诺| 联系我们| 人才招聘| 客户服务| 关于我们 京ICP证：010071  互联网出版许可证：新出网证(京)字042号  京公网安备11010802020237号 万方数据知识服务平台--国家科技支撑计划资助项目（编号：2006BAH03B01）©北京万方数据股份有限公司  万方数据电子出版社