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核动力装置热效率及总体积的双目标优化设计
核动力装置热效率及总体积的双目标优化设计
Dual-objective Optimization of the Thermodynamic Efficiency and the Volume of the Nuclear Power Plant
Dual-objective Optimization of the Thermodynamic Efficiency and the Volume of the Nuclear Power Plant
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摘要： - 提高核动力装置热效率是核工程领域一直追求的目标.如能在提高热效率的同时,达到减小核动力装置尺寸,则不仅可以提高经济性,而且可以降低大型设备的制造、安装等方面的难度.因此,有必要借助优化算法开展以核动力装置热效率、体积为评价准则的双目标实例优化设计研究,寻找核动力装置实例设计参数的最佳组合.以此为背景,通过构建一种评价——优化耦合模型,实现了核动力装置的双目标实例优化设计.将优化程序模块与核动力装置双目标评价模型相耦合,并基于 C#语言开发了计算程序,得到优化结果.其中,核动力装置双目标评价模型包括核动力装置热效率计算模型及体积评价模型.热效率计算模型是依据等效热降理论确定的,一种计算各级抽汽量的矩阵分析方法.此外,体积估算模型结合了回热、再热设备、主冷却剂泵数学模型,及其他已建立的设备数学模型,包括反应堆堆芯、蒸汽发生器、稳压器、反应堆冷却剂管道、反应堆压力容器、冷凝器、汽轮机,同时充分考虑了各设备之间的耦合关系.经优化计算,在满足结构和性能的约束条件下,核动力装置双目标最优设计方案的热效率提高近1.5%,装置总体积降低近10.3%.优化结果可为核动力装置小型化设计研究提供参考.
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Abstract： - Searching higher thermodynamic efficiency of the nuclear power plant is a continuous quest in the field of nuclear engineering. Both increasing the thermodynamic efficiency,and decreasing the volume of the nuclear power plant can not only improve the economy,but also reduce the difficulty of manufacture and installation of large components. It has been considered important to apply optimal algorithm to study the dual-objective optimization design of the nuclear power plant,aimed at optimizing the thermodynamic efficiency and the volume of the nuclear power plant,by finding the design parameters' optimal combination for the nuclear power plant. A combined evaluation-optimization model was developed and the dual-objective optimization design of the nuclear power plant was studied to optimize the thermodynamic efficiency and the volume of the nuclear power plant,while satisfying the given structural,performance and security constraints. An optimizer module based on the genetic algorithms has been coupled with a dual-objective evaluation model of the nuclear power plant,including both a thermodynamic efficiency calculation model and a volume evaluation model,written in C#. According to equivalent heat drop theory,a matrix method of calculating the mass flow of each extraction steam was given. Then,the thermodynamic efficiency of the nuclear power plant can be computed. The volume estimation model includes the self-developed mathematical models of the feedwater heaters,the moisture separator reheater,the reactor coolant pump. Other mathematical models of major units which have been developed by the team are also included,i.e.,the reactor core,the steam generator,the pressurizer,the reactor coolant pipeline,the reactor pressure vessel,the condenser and the turbine. The coupling relationship between the units was considered in the dual-objective evaluation model. In the dual-objective optimized results,while satisfying the given structural,performance and security constraints,the thermodynamic efficiency of the nuclear power plant increases almost 1.5% and the volume of the nuclear power plant decreases almost 10.3%. The results show that there is a great deal of potential in decreasing the volume of the nuclear power plant,while satisfying the given constraints. Meanwhile,the thermodynamic efficiency of the nuclear power plant is also improved in the optimized results. The corresponding optimized results and the analysis on the optimized thermodynamic efficiency and the optimized volume of the nuclear power plant can provide reference for the research on the miniaturization design of the nuclear power plant.
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李贵敬
[1]
肖宇鹏
[2]
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| Author： | LI Gui-jing[1] XIAO Yu-peng[2] |
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核科学与工程 ISTIC PKU |
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Nuclear Science and Engineering |
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2018, 38(1) |
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TL353 |
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关键字:核动力装置
双目标优化设计
热效率
体积
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Nuclear power plant Dual-objective optimization design Thermodynamic efficiency Volume |
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河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目，燕山大学博士基金项目 |
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